GHK-cu Powerful Plus +11x(Extra Strong)

GHK-Cu is a naturally occurring copper complex that was first identified in human plasma, but has hence been found in multiple locations such as saliva and urine. Copper peptides are small, naturally occurring protein fragments that have high affinity for copper ions, which are critical to normal body function. GHK-Cu has a variety of roles in the human body including, but not limited to, promoting activation of wound healing, attracting immune cells, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, stimulating collagen and glycosaminoglycan synthesis in skin fibroblasts, and promoting blood vessel growth. There has been evidence that has shown that it acts as a feedback signal that is generated after tissue injury. First, it seems to act as a potent protector of tissue and anti-inflammatory agent that control the oxidative damage that occurs post-tissue injury. Further, it then plays a big role in signaling tissue remodeling which removes damaged/scarred tissue and generates new, healthy tissue. However, these positive effects decline with age because the concentration of GHK-Cu in the body decreases with age. Thus, there is an increase in inflammation, cancerous activity, and tissue destruction. Mechanism of Action GHK-Cu exerts its action on a variety of pathways in the human body due to the peptide sequence and copper’s ability to promote various functions. At the site of tissue injury, GHK-Cu acts as a potent chemoattractant for mast cells, macrophages, amongst others which promote the release of proteins that stimulate the growth and repair of tissue. As stated before, GHK-Cu acts in a dual manner to remove scar tissue from injured locations and replace it with new tissue. Primarily, it acts directly on fibroblasts by increasing production of mRNA and protein for collagen, elastin, proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans, and decorin; all of which are critical components in tissue repair and maintenance. Further, it acts to stimulate the production of metalloproteases and protease inhibitors which function to remove damaged tissue proteins. It also reduced the secretion of TGF-beta from fibroblasts during this process as TGF-beta acts to induce scar formation. GHK-Cu also acts to increase collagen synthesis by chondrocytes within the bone. This leads to an increase in growth of human marrow stromal cells and attachment of osteoblastic cells which promote bone growth and formation. It also provides a source of copper for blood vessels in the process of angiogenesis in tissues. Because angiogenesis can not occur without a proper copper depot, GHK-Cu being present in the growing tissue is essential for survival. It has also been shown that GHK-Cu has the ability to increase differentiation and proliferation of axons within neurons, indicating it has an effect on the nervous system to ensure proper functionality. GHK-Cu blocks ferritin channels and the release of tissue damaging free (oxidative) iron after tissue injury, thus blocking iron catalyzed lipid peroxidation that occurs after injury. This mechanism of copper-peptide induced tissue repair appears to function for skin, hair follicles, the stomach lining, the intestinal lining, bone tissue, and hooves and fingernails. What have Research Studies Shown? Scientific research has revealed that GHK-Cu affects the following: -Wound healing -Infection control -Hair growth restoration -Facial cosmetic use -Anti-cancer effects -Cognitive health